The Bordetella vaccine helps protect dogs against Bordetella bronchiseptica, one of the main bacteria behind kennel cough, a contagious respiratory infection. It is a lifestyle vaccine: recommended for dogs that board, attend daycare, visit groomers, go to dog parks or shows, or otherwise mix with many dogs.
This guide is part of our pet health checkup and vaccine guide. For the full schedule, see the dog vaccination schedule.
What is kennel cough?
Kennel cough, also called canine infectious respiratory disease complex, can be caused by several bacteria and viruses, often together. The classic sign is a harsh, honking cough, sometimes followed by gagging. Most healthy adult dogs recover within a few weeks, but puppies, older dogs, flat-faced breeds and dogs with other illnesses can develop pneumonia.
Types of Bordetella vaccine
| Type | How it is given | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Intranasal | Drops into the nose | Builds local immunity in the airway; often works quickly; may cause brief sneezing |
| Oral | Liquid into the cheek pouch | Easy to give; no needle |
| Injectable | Under the skin | Usually needs two initial doses a few weeks apart |
Many products combine Bordetella with parainfluenza virus protection. Your vet will choose based on your dog’s age, temperament and timing.
How often do dogs need the Bordetella vaccine?
Most dogs at risk are revaccinated annually. Some boarding kennels and daycares require the vaccine within the past six months, or at least a set number of days before the stay, so check their rules early.
Does the vaccine stop kennel cough completely?
No. Because kennel cough has many causes, the vaccine reduces the risk and severity of disease from Bordetella but cannot prevent every case. Vaccinated dogs that do get infected usually have milder illness.
Side effects
- Mild sneezing, nasal discharge or a short cough after intranasal vaccines
- Mild lethargy or soreness after injection
- Rarely, allergic reactions: facial swelling, hives, vomiting or breathing difficulty need immediate veterinary care
When to see a vet about a cough
- Cough lasting more than a week or getting worse
- Fever, lethargy or poor appetite
- Fast or laboured breathing
- A puppy, senior dog or flat-faced breed with a cough
Keep a coughing dog away from other dogs and call your vet before visiting, so they can avoid exposing other patients.
Frequently asked questions
Is Bordetella a core vaccine?
No. It is a non-core (lifestyle) vaccine, recommended based on exposure risk.
Can people catch kennel cough?
Human infection with Bordetella bronchiseptica is rare and mostly reported in people with weakened immune systems.
Related guides
This guide is general information for pet owners and is not a substitute for an examination by a licensed veterinarian. If your pet is unwell, contact your vet.
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